Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction

Includes bibliographical references.

Data availability statement policy -- Efficient preconditioned soil-structure interaction approach to compute tall-building time periods -- Development of innovative block charts for a box type cross drain with a constant width for various depths of soil cushion -- Analysis and design of tensile membrane structures: challenges and recommendations -- Methodology to obtain dynamic response of road bridges considering bridge-vehicle interactions -- Implementation of nonlinear elements for seismic response analysis of bridges -- Flexural test on a full-scale 60-kw wind turbine-tower telescopic steel pipe -- Construction delays in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and vietnam -- Flexural strengthening of continuous reinforced concrete beams with near-surface-mounted reinforcement -- Comparative energy analysis and life-cycle assessment of innovative residential wall systems in cold regions -- Condition assessment and strengthening of aged structures: Perspectives based on a critical case study -- Structural design and inspectability of highway bridges.

[Article Title: Data Availability Statement Policy / p. 1-1] Abstract: ASCE is taking steps to improve the availability and reproducibility of work published in its journals. ASCE is introducing a new policy requiring authors to specify the availability of data, computational models, code, and other electronic materials used in work submitted for publication. The new policy is intended to (1) make it easier for readers and others to use, reproduce, and extend published work; (2) increase the quality of submissions; and (3) further encourage people to use work published in the ASCE journals and cite that work.;[Article Title: Efficient Preconditioned Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Approach to Compute Tall-Building Time Periods / A. M. Elmeliegy, and Youssef F. Rashed, p. 1-13] Abstract: The present paper suggests an efficient preconditioned two-iteration substructure approach-namely, preconditioned soil-structure interaction (PSSI)-to couple the analysis of a superstructure over fixed bases (which is traditionally carried out in design companies) with the analysis of foundation plates over an elastic half-space (EHS) to obtain more accurate equivalent supporting spring stiffnesses. Hence, an accurate building time period and, consequently, lateral loads could be computed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated in several numerical examples in terms of number of iterations and scalability followed by comparison with previous work to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach.;[Article Title: Development of Innovative Block Charts for a Box-Type Cross Drain with a Constant Width for Various Depths of Soil Cushion / D. J. Kadbhane, and C. D. Modhera, p. 1-8] Abstract: A cross-drain structure provides an opening under a highway. Cross drains must be provided transversely under highway embankments to cross obstructions such as canals, streams, and natural depressions. A cross drain is categorized according to its shape, such as an arch, slab, or box. The size of the cross drain is based on the width and depth of the obstruction. The maximum width of the cross drain is restricted to 6 m by the Indian Road Congress (IRC) standard. The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) has set a target of constructing 39 km of roads per day.;[Article Title: Analysis and Design of Tensile Membrane Structures: Challenges and Recommendations / Subhrajit Dutta and Siddhartha Ghosh, p. 1-9] Abstract: Tensile membrane structures (TMS) are increasingly in demand due to their ability to span large distances with elegance and structural efficiency. Because TMS is comparatively new to the structural engineering world, there are relatively limited resources available explaining the behavior of such structures. Most countries do not have documented guidelines for the analysis and design of TMS. This paper presents the existing challenges and provides some recommendations on the analysis and design of membrane structures. Emphasis is placed on form-finding, which is the initial equilibrium analysis of membranes. ;[Article Title: Methodology to Obtain Dynamic Response of Road Bridges Considering Bridge-Vehicle Interactions / Ana Paula Pagnoncelli and Letícia Fleck Fadel Miguel , p. 1-13] Abstract: Most bridge design standards do not consider a dynamic analysis but instead consider an equivalent static analysis. In addition, the few engineers who carry out dynamic analysis do not usually consider the interaction between the bridge and vehicles. Thus, in this article, a simple methodology to consider the interaction between the bridge and vehicles in the dynamic analysis of bridges is proposed. The proposed method allows determining the dynamic response of road bridges due to the dynamic loads caused by vehicles traveling on rough pavement, taking into account the bridge-vehicle interaction. ;[Article Title: Implementation of Nonlinear Elements for Seismic Response Analysis of Bridges / Kevin R. Mackie and Michael H. Scott, p. 1-14] Abstract: General purpose finite-element software tools have put nonlinear analysis within an engineer's reach for the assessment of bridge response to seismic loading. Although these tools can capture strength, ductility, and nonlinear material and geometric effects more accurately than response spectrum or linear methods, the response is extremely sensitive to modeling techniques, even when the same input parameters for bridge geometry and material properties are used in different software packages. The resulting discrepancies in nonlinear response are due to mathematical formulations of the element response, for example, concentrated or distributed plasticity, and software-dependent implementation of the formulations and their constitutive models.;[Article Title: Flexural Test on a Full-Scale 60-kW Wind Turbine-Tower Telescopic Steel Pipe / G. Campione, A. Monaco, and F. Cannella, p. 1-9] Abstract: A full-scale static test to failure was conducted on 6-m (236.22 in.)-long steel pipes constituting a segment of a telescopic wind tower with a 60-kW wind turbine. The diameter of the circular cross section of the steel pipes was 900 mm (35.43 in.), and the nominal thickness was 10 mm (0.39 in.). The steel grade was 355 MPa (51,488 psi). The tests were conducted in a force-controlled mode in a four-point bending test with a shear-to-span ratio of 2.05. The flexural limit states developed in the form of ovalization of the cross section and of local buckling. The buckling occurred in the plastic range because of the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the section. Although local buckling caused slight strength degradation, the reduction due to the shear-to-moment interaction and ovalization of the cross section was very significant (58%), while the recorded response revealed a good amount of postbuckling ductility (2.42). A finite-element analysis with ABAQUS code was also conducted for comparison with the experimental results and for validation of the simplified proposed model. By properly modeling the imperfection effects due to the roundness of the steel tube, good correlation of the structural response and failure mode, and with the analytical model, were also achieved.;[Article Title: Construction Delays in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam / Yue Choong Kog, p.1-12] Abstract: Construction delays are a common problem in all developing and developed countries, costing the industry billions of dollars every year. Understanding the major delay factors for construction projects is the first step in reducing this unnecessary loss. There are 6, 15, 3, and 5 studies identifying the respective top delay factors of Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Thailand reported in the literature. Thirty-five of 42 possible delay factors were identified as top delay factors for these countries, which means that some factors may not be appropriate. An examination of these 29 studies is required to establish the respective top delay factors of Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Preventive/mitigating measures for each top delay factor identified to minimize construction delays in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam are presented.;[Article Title: Flexural Strengthening of Continuous Reinforced Concrete Beams with Near-Surface-Mounted Reinforcement / Hayder Mirdan Abdzaid and Hayder Hussein Kamonna, p. 1-10] Abstract: This experimental study attempts to investigate the flexural behavior of continuous reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by near-surface-mounted steel bars. The tests were conducted on 11 3,000-mm specimens with cross-sectional dimensions of 150 × 225 mm. The longitudinal reinforcement of all beams consisted of two ϕ10 steel bars in the negative and positive moment regions. To ensure that the beams would fail under flexure rather than shear, ϕ10 stirrups were spaced at 100 mm c/c over the entire beam length. The first beam was not strengthened and was considered a control beam.;[Article Title: Comparative Energy Analysis and Life-Cycle Assessment of Innovative Residential Wall Systems in Cold Regions / Xinrui Lu and Ali Memari, p. 1-17] Abstract: This research mainly focused on energy simulation for residential buildings with different types of wall systems in Boston.

Building-envelope systems have a significant influence on the whole building's energy performance, and therefore quantitative comparisons are of interest. In this study, several types of high-performance wall systems, including advanced framing, structural insulated panels, insulated concrete forms, and the exterior insulation and finish system, as well as the most common wood-stud wall system, were studied with the use of building energy simulation.;[Article Title: Condition Assessment and Strengthening of Aged Structures: Perspectives Based on a Critical Case Study / T. Mukhopadhyay, S. Naskar, S. Dey, and A. Chakrabarti, p. 1-14] Abstract: This article presents a concise overview on condition monitoring and retrofitting/strengthening of structures, including a practical case study of strengthening for an existing historical building. Condition assessment of an existing structure is required mainly to check serviceability and safety requirements of the structure after short-term events, such as earthquakes or long-term degradation of the structure with time. It is carried out to assess the ability of a structure to perform its intended operations under changed loading conditions with time or modification in its structural system as per newly imposed requirements. ;[Article Title: Structural Design and Inspectability of Highway Bridges / Mustafa Mahamid, Didem Ozevin, Ines Torra-Bilal, Minoo Kabir, Steve Mastny, Soliman Khudeira, Brett W. Sauter, and Deborah Zroka, p. 1-7] Abstract: It is inevitable that the components of highway bridges will develop flaws due to mechanical and environmental loads. Bridges are typically inspected visually to determine their condition and serviceability. Unfortunately, current design practice often does not explicitly consider inspectability and the means of structural damage detection in the design process. It is important to integrate damage monitoring and inspection strategies into the earliest stages of the design of highway bridges for resilient structural behavior. This technical note summarizes the outcomes of the workshop organized at the University of Illinois at Chicago on structural design and inspectability of highway bridges. The workshop brought public agencies; design, construction and inspection companies; and academicians together to discuss the challenges of current practice for inspection and concepts to be implemented in the next generation highway bridge design for better inspectability and maintenance.