Philippine Journal of Linguistics

Includes bibliographical references.

Morphophonology in Tuwali Ifugao -- Language and Self-Presentation. A Linguistic Analysis of Filipino Personal Home Pages -- Rhetorical Questions in Kalagan -- Discourse Analysis of Mediated Political Advertisement Campaigns -- Focus and Activation in Kankanaey -- Exploring Assessment Reform Policy and Implementation in Philippine Public Secondary Education -- Code-Switching in Philippine Tabloids: Subservience and Resistance in a Post-Colonial Society.

[Article Title : Morphophonology in Tuwali Ifugao / E. Lou Hohulin and Donald Burquest, p. 1-38] Abstract : Tuwali lfugao (Tl) is a Philippine-type Austronesian language spoken in and around Kiangan, lfugao Province. There are approximately 25,000 speakers of the language. This paper describes the morphology of verb forms in TI, and the intricate interaction between morphology and phonology. It is shown that Tl makes use of affixation, reduplication, and gemination, both alone and in combination, to convey derivational and inflectional possibilities, with the affixation in particular serving in part to grant special referential status to one of the NPs of the clause.;[Article Title : Language and Self-Presentation. A Linguistic Analysis of Filipino Personal Home Pages / Leah Gustilo, p. 39-63] Abstract : This study addresses a gap in research about Personal home pages (PHPs) by examining the uses of language for the expression of identity and self-presentation through the analysis of self-expression/self-description data found on Filipino PHPs. Thirty personal home page texts that belong to 20 Filipino males and I 0 Filipino females are analyzed to describe how Filipino home page authors present themselves on the web though their linguistic sources, which are investigated in terms of the structuring of three types of meaning involved in the clause: identificational, actional, and representational. When conveying identificational meaning through pronouns and modal markers, the authors present themselves as individuals who attempt to establish interpersonal relationship with their readers, casual communication, and high level commitment to their descriptions. When structuring actional meaning through 'sentence types' and speech functions, authors 'give off' information that stage them as writers who, on the one hand, are mainly engaged in knowledge exchange as participants who share information about themselves; and on the other hand, are occasionally involved in an activity exchange with their readers, asking the latter to perform some actions like clicking a link, exploring their site, or signing their guest book. When constructing representational meaning through process types and participant functions, the authors' choices of particular patterns present themselves as individuals who are mainly concerned with material processes of 'doings' and 'happenings' and~ in the relational processes of 'being.' Simultaneously, they present the participants (themselves and the people and things they describe) of the processes as active agents who are always present in the processes - 'doers' who do and make things happen and 'carriers' who represent that something is. The study posits that when individuals prefer particular linguistic patterns, the choices have to be understood as signalling something about the persons' identity, because these linguistic choices are "paralinguistic" cues (corresponding to non-verbal cue in face-to face interaction) that reveal something about an individual (Miller, 1995; Zilles & King, 2005).;[Article Title : Rhetorical Questions in Kalagan / Leilani Mallorca, p. 64-85] Abstract : Questions are of two kinds: those that seek information and those that have other functions. The latter are called rhetorical questions, and in the Kalagan language of Davao, the following functions have been discovered so far: to force the hearers or readers to think and thus be engaged in the topic, to emphasize a known fact, to express an evaluation of a decision about to be made, to express exasperation, to administer a mild rebuke or scolding, to express strong negative emotion, and to indicate doubt or uncertainty. More functions will come to light as more studies will be conducted on the Kalagan language.;[Article Title : Discourse Analysis of Mediated Political Advertisement Campaigns / Paulina Gocheco, p. 86-115] Abstract : Despite previous studies on political discourse, the genre of political advertisement campaigns remains unexplored. This article aims to analyze the persuasive and invasive nature of such a genre as it simultaneously engages various domains in society through its mode of communication. A combined analysis of genre, political strategic functions of coercion and legitimization, and speech acts employed in the campaigns illustrates an important link between language and politics. The weaving of these forms of analysis attempts to create an awareness that may be beneficial in three ways. First, the identification of the generic structure and communicative purpose of political advertisement campaigns (PACs) enables the participants in the discourse to be conscious of the essential elements in their structure. Second, a political discourse analysis enables the participants to be more critical of the political strategies of coercion and legitimization. Also significant is the use of varied appeals such as emotional, logical, and source credibility as these may be indexical of the culture of the electorate and the culture in which it occurs. Third, these political strategies are closely linked to the use of language as manifested in the speech acts employed in the campaigns. A speech act explains how an utterance may achieve the communicative purpose of a mediated PAC. In summary, the study presents the interrelationship of media, politics, and language used in mediated political advertisement campaigns, which may prove valuable to the discourse participants who need discernment in their decisions.;[Article Title : Focus and Activation in Kankanaey / Janet L. Allen, p. 116-134] Abstract : This descriptive study considers the interaction of discourse purposes with the syntactic structures of Kankanaey, specifically looking at positions in the clause structure, and the type of constituent used in the clause nucleus. The correlation of the definiteness operator with focal and topical expressions is defined, as is the use of pronouns for focal reference. Preposed and postposed positions outside the clause serve to identify pronominal constituents inside the clause. Speakers of Kankanaey use these devices to manage pragmatic information flow as they introduce participants, refer to accessible entities, identify participants and their roles, and activate referents for prominence, comment, or contrast in their discourses.;[Article Title : Exploring Assessment Reform Policy and Implementation in Philippine Public Secondary Education / Sterling Plata, p. 135 - 156] Abstract : This paper analyzes aspects of the assessment reform that started in 2003 in the Philippines by evaluating its policy and its implementation. Documents from the Department of Education pertaining to the reform were reviewed to trace the alignment of pedagogy, assessment, and proficiency in English. In addition, focus group discussions and interviews were also conducted to see how English teachers in rural and urban public secondary schools interpreted the changes mandated to them by the Department of Education. Data collection started in 2003 up to 2007. The study uncovered some factors that might have led to the limited implementation of the assessment reform by the participants in the study.;[Article Title : Code-Switching in Philippine Tabloids: Subservience and Resistance in a Post-Colonial Society / Frances Paola Doplon, p. 157-177] Abstract : What is the link between social values and linguistic features in the real world that students are being prepared for? With the range and depth of cultural interaction in the 21'' century, our learners find themselves in a multilingual society where the mixing of language in daily conversation finds its way to written work. By analyzing a corpus from the tabloids or compact newspapers, it is possible to further describe the reality of code-switching in the Philippines. The corpus is comprised of seven consecutive cover stories from the tabloid, Abante, whose base language is Filipino. The study investigates the syntactic categories code-switched, the linguistic assumptions the text makes regarding its readers, and possible reasons for switching to English. The analysis of the multiple motivations for codeswitching conveys a connection between linguistic features and cultural values of a post-colonial society. The analysis from a historical-political context reveals conflicting views on the role of English.

As an implication, a multicultural orientation to language teaching is suggested in order to prepare students with communication strategies for diverse multilingual contexts outside the classroom.